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Bengaluru in 1948

Built by Kempegowda, the silicon city of India has now grown beyond imaginations. It is the backbone of Indian economy, with it's multi-billion dollar IT and BT industries. It is also an important place for Science & Technology in India, with prestigious institutions such as Indian Institute of Science, Indian Institute of Management, Hindustan Aeronautics Limited, National Aerospace Laboratories, Indian Space Research Organisation control centre, Intel's R&D Laboratory (the only one outside USA), University of Bangalore, more than 100 engineering colleges, hundreds of Software firms, BPOs, Super Speciality Hospitals, International Airport and what not... On the darker side, it is also one of the most polluted cities in India. It is known for its worst traffic control system and over crowded roads. Recently crime rate is on its boom. But have a look at how it was in the past.Here are some of the rarest pictures of Bengaluru:

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ಲಾಲ್ ಬಗ್

Lal Bagh

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Lal Bagh Botanical Garden

Lal Bagh Botanical Garden is a well known botanical garden in Bangalore, India The garden was commissioned by the ruler of Mysore, Hyder Ali. It has a famous glass house which hosts yearly flower show. It also has an aquarium and a lake, and one of the tourist attractions in Bangalore.

Contents [hide] 1 Background 2 Tourism and eco-development 3 References 4 External links

[edit] Background

Hyder Ali commissioned the building of this garden in 1760 but his son, Tipu Sultan, completed it. Lalbagh is a 240 acre (971,000 sq.m. - almost 1 km².) garden and is located on the southern part of Bangalore. It holds a number of flower shows, especially on the Republic Day (26th January). The garden has over 1,000 species of flora. The Glass House, modeled on London's Crystal Palace (now re-modelled with a different layout), is the center of attraction. Hyder Ali laid out these famous botanical gardens and his son added horticultural wealth to them by importing trees and plants from several countries. The Lalbagh Gardens were commissioned by the 18th century and over the years it acquired India's first lawn-clock and the subcontinent's largest collection of rare plants. The garden also has trees that are over 100 years old.

The Glass House at Lal Bagh

The garden surrounds one of the towers erected by the founder of Bangalore, Kempe Gowda. Hyder Ali decided to create this garden on the lines of the Mughal Gardens that were gaining popularity during his time. The park has some rare species of plants brought from Persia, Afghanistan and France. With an intricate watering system for irrigation, this garden is aesthetically designed, with lawns, flowerbeds, lotus pools and fountains. Most of the centuries old trees are labeled for easy identification. The Lal Bagh Rock, one of the oldest rock formations on earth, dating back to 3000 million years, is another attraction that brings the crowds.

Basis for modeling of Lal Bagh Gardens

The Lal Bagh Gardens are based on the design of the Mughal Gardens that once stood at Sira, at a distance of 120 km from Bangalore on the main NH4 at Tumkur District in Karnataka. This is amply supported by ASI (Archaeological Survey of India) and other historical records. At that time, Sira was the head-quarters / capital of the strategically important southernmost Mughal "suba" (province) of the Deccan before the British Raj.

[edit] Tourism and eco-development

Glass House

Lal Bagh remains open daily from 6.00 a.m. to 7.00 p.m. throughout the year. For the benefit of joggers, tourists and fitness enthusiasts, entry is free from 6 a.m. to 9 a.m. and from 6 p.m. to 7 p.m. At other times, a fee of Rs.10/- is charged. Entry for school children and the disabled is free all day.

Flower shows are conducted every year to educate people about the variety of flora and develop public interest in plant conservation and cultivation.

The Government of Karnataka organizes "Janapada Jaatre" in Lalbagh on the second and fourth weekends (both Saturday and Sunday) of every month. Janapada Jaatre, which translates to Folk Fare, features Folk Dance, Music and Plays performed by troupes from all parts of Karnataka. The show mainly depicts the cultural folklore of Karnataka, the traditional costumes and musical instruments.

BIAL

Bengaluru International Airport

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This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding reliable references. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (May 2008)

Bengaluru International Airport ಬೆಂಗಳೂರು ಅಂತಾರಾಷ್ಟ್ರೀಯ ವಿಮಾನ ನಿಲ್ದಾಣ Bangalore International Airport
Bangalore Airport terminal building
IATA: BLR – ICAO: VOBL
Summary
Airport type		Public
Owner/Operator		Bangalore International Airport Limited (BIAL)
Serves		Bengaluru, India
Location		Devanahalli, Karnataka, India
Elevation AMSL		915 m / 3,002 ft
Coordinates		13°11′56″N 077°42′20″E / 13.19889°N 77.70556°E / 13.19889; 77.70556 (Bengaluru International Airport)Coordinates: 13°11′56″N 077°42′20″E / 13.19889°N 77.70556°E / 13.19889; 77.70556 (Bengaluru International Airport)
Website		www.bengaluruairport.com
Runways
Direction	Length		Surface
	m	ft
09/27	4,000	13,123	Asphalt
Sources: AIP from the Airports Authority of India[1][2]

Bengaluru International Airport (Kannada: ಬೆಂಗಳೂರು ಅಂತಾರಾಷ್ಟ್ರೀಯ ವಿಮಾನ ನಿಲ್ದಾಣ) (IATA: BLR, ICAO: VOBL) is a international airport serving the city of Bangalore (Bengaluru), Karnataka, India. The airport is located 4 km (2.5 mi) south of Devanahalli and is 40 km (25 mi) from the central business district of Bengaluru (30 km (19 mi) from the Bangalore City Railway Station^[1]) and covers 4,000 acres (1,600 ha).^[3] It replaced the old HAL Bangalore International Airport. Construction of the airport began in July 2005, after a decade long postponement. It was expected to be inaugurated on 30 March 2008 but due to delays in air traffic control (ATC) services, it started its operations on the night of 23 May 2008, just before midnight.

According to the World Airport Traffic 2007 report released by Airports Council International, Bangalore Airport is ranked fourth fastest growing international airport in 2007, with a 33.8% increase in passenger traffic. That puts it ahead of Kolkata's Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose International Airport (7th spot), Chennai International Airport (14th Spot) and New Delhi Indira Gandhi International Airport (25th spot). It is also ahead of Hyderabad International Airport which is at 10th spot.^{[4][clarification needed]}

Future plans for the airport site envisage expansion of the terminal and runways and generous commercial development, including business centers, tax-free shops, entertainment centers, malls and office space.

Contents [hide] 1 Construction 2 Airport specifications 2.1 Terminal 2.2 Runway 2.3 Miscellaneous 3 Retail and duty free 4 Domestic Lounges 5 International Lounges 6 Hospitality 7 Transport to the airport 8 Airlines and destinations 8.1 Destinations by Region 8.2 Domestic 8.3 International 8.4 Cargo airlines 9 References 10 External links

[edit] Construction

BLR Airport under construction

The new airport was originally planned to accommodate 3.5 million passengers a year, but this was redesigned to handle 12 million passengers per year. The redesign resulted in an increase in the size of the terminal, number of aircraft stands, new taxiway layouts and supporting infrastructure.

A plan is also being processed for a direct rail service from Bangalore Cantonment Railway Station to the Basement Rail terminal at the airport. Access on the National Highway 7 is being widened to a six lane expressway, with a 3 ft (0.91 m) boundary wall, as construction moves ahead.

A new expressway was planned to connect the airport to the city's Ring Road. The expressway, expected to be a tolled road, would begin at Hennur on the Outer Ring Road. However the state government, citing a study report of the National Highways Authority of India (NHAI), has told the Karnataka High Court that the proposed super expressway connecting the Outer Ring Road and Bengaluru International Airport is not feasible.

[edit] Airport specifications

[edit] Terminal

The curbside at BIA

BIA Terminal building at night

Domestic security check area

Check-in counters in the main hall

The passenger terminal is a single, fully air-conditioned, four-level building capable of accommodating international and domestic operations. The basement houses the retail storage, rest areas and services. The arrival and departure areas are separated vertically with a modern, simple, straight-ahead flow system. The domestic and international departure lounges, and the majority of the retail outlets are located on level 2 (first floor). The check-in facilities and baggage reclaim are located on level 1 (ground floor). The terminal is designed for ease of operation and minimum maintenance.

The total floor area is approximately 71,000 m² (760,000 sq ft) and the terminal building is designed to accommodate 3,000 passengers at peak hour. The design reflects the best industry practice and caters for 24-hour-operations, under all weather conditions. The airport wll meet a the standards set by the Airports Authority of India (AAI), the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and the International Air Transport Association (IATA)..^[5]

The airport can handle 11 million people per annum with 27 aircraft movement per hour and an estimated 550 movement in May 2008.

Common Use Terminal Equipment (CUTE) enabled check-in counters: 54 and 20 self check in counters.

The airport has 20 gates, 8 aero-bridges, including one double arm and 19 remote bus bays. There are a total of 42 aircraft stands, all of which have a fueling pit. This is the first time in Indian airports that the parking stands have the fueling pits. The underground pits helps the aircraft to fuel from the stand itself.

In the first phase of development, a car park for 2,000 cars in front of the terminal building at the ground level has been developed for the convenience of passengers and visitors to the airport.

[edit] Runway

The airport has one runway that can accommodate all types of aircraft. There are plans to build a second runway when the annual traffic of the airport reaches 18 million passengers per year which is currently estimated to reach around 2013-2014.

[edit] Miscellaneous

The airport cost a Rs 2,470 crore (approx. $600 Million USD)^{[clarification needed]} and there is a user development fee of Rs. 1,070 that is collected from all outbound international passengers towards the cost of construction and operation of the airport.^[6]

[edit] Retail and duty free

The international departure section is one of the largest duty free outlets in India, a duty free area for arrivals is also provided. The domestic departure areas also has retail outlets.

[edit] Domestic Lounges

Domestic departure lounges are provided by:

• Air India
• Jet Airways
• Kingfisher Airlines

[edit] International Lounges

The airport has three international departure lounges:

• Kingfisher
• Oberoi
• The Leela

[edit] Hospitality

A 321 room five star hotel is under construction as part of the airport complex, opposite the main terminal building. This hotel, owned and operated jointly by Oberoi Hotels & Resorts and Larsen & Toubro under the Trident Hilton brand, is scheduled for opening in November 2008.

[edit] Transport to the airport

As the new airport is 40 km (25 mi) outside the city, a new high-speed rail link is being planned to connect the city to the airport. Namma Metro is expected to launch commercial operations from March 2010.^[7]

Bangalore Metropolitan Transport Corporation runs eleven bus routes from as many locations in the city to connect to the new airport.^[8]

ನಮಹ ಊರು (ಬೆಂಗಳೂರು)

Bangalore Bengalūru (ಬೆಂಗಳೂರು)
Vidhana Soudha
Time zone: IST (UTC+5:30)
Country	India
Region	Bayaluseeme
State	Karnataka
District(s)	Bangalore Urban
Population • Density	6,200,000 (3rd) (2007[update]) • 8,367 /km2 (21,670 /sq mi)
Area • Elevation (AMSL)	741 km² (286 sq mi)[1] • 920 m (3,018 ft)
Codes[show] • Pincode • 560 xxx • Telephone • +91-(0)80 • UN/LOCODE • IN BLR • Vehicle • KA 01, KA 02, KA 03, KA 04, KA 05, KA 41, KA 50, KA 51, KA 53

Coordinates: 12°58′00″N 77°34′00″E / 12.966667°N 77.566667°E / 12.966667; 77.566667

Bangalore ( [ˈbæŋgəloːɾ] (help·info)), officially Bengaluru (Kannada: ಬೆಂಗಳೂರು, ['beŋgəɭuːɾu] (help·info)), is the capital of the Indian state of Karnataka. Located on the Deccan Plateau in the south-eastern part of Karnataka, Bangalore is India's third most populous city^[2] and fifth-most populous urban agglomeration.

Though historical references to the city predate 900 CE, a modern written history of continuous settlement exists only from 1537, when Kempe Gowda I, who many regard as the architect of modern Bangalore, built a mud-brick fort at the site and established it as a province of the imperial Vijayanagara Empire. During the British Raj, it became a centre of colonial rule in South India. The establishment of the Bangalore Cantonment brought in large numbers of migrants from other parts of the country.

Today, as a large and growing metropolis, Bangalore is home to some of the most well-recognized colleges and research institutions in India. Numerous public sector heavy industries, software companies, aerospace, telecommunications, and defense organisations are located in the city. Bangalore is known as the Silicon Valley of India because of its preeminent position as the nation's leading IT employer and exporter.^[3] A demographically diverse city, Bangalore is a major economic hub and the fastest growing major metropolis in India.^[4]